What happens during rarefraction in sound waves?

In sound waves, rarefaction refers to the phase where the pressure of the sound wave decreases and the density of the sound wave is lower than that of the surrounding medium. During this phase, the molecules in the medium spread apart, creating areas of lower pressure.

As a sound wave travels, it consists of alternating compressions and rarefactions. In the compression phase, molecules move closer together, resulting in higher pressure areas. Conversely, during rarefaction, those same molecules are allowed to move apart, minimizing pressure and leading to a drop in density in that area. This oscillating movement of molecules is crucial for transmitting sound as it creates variations in pressure that can be perceived as sound by our ears.

Understanding this process is vital for hearing instrument specialists, as it forms the basis of how sound is generated and propagated through different mediums, influencing the design and function of hearing devices.